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Why is the yield curve sometimes inverted, and what does it signal?

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Sophie Kramer

Business Strategy, Finance & Leadership Coach

Certified Capital Markets & Securities Analyst
Over 15 years of experience in the Financial Services Industry, specialised in Risk Management.

When short-term interest rates rise above long-term rates, the yield curve inverts.
Usually happens when investors expect slower growth or a potential recession.

In a normal economy, long-term bonds have higher yields because investors demand compensation for time and risk. When the curve inverts, it means the market expects future rates to fall — typically because the central bank will cut rates to support a weakening economy.

Hence an inverted yield curve is often seen as a warning signal: it reflects tightening monetary policy, declining confidence in future growth, and historically has preceded most recessions.

Answered 6 months ago