The answer can be understood well when we compare bitcoin with other cryptocurrencies. Let me compare Bitcoin with Litecoin.
By far the most fundamental technical difference between Bitcoin and Litecoin are the different cryptographic algorithms that they employ. Bitcoin makes use of the longstanding SHA-256 algorithm, whereas Litecoin makes use of a comparatively new algorithm known as Scrypt. Some members of the currency network, known as miners, allocate their computing resources toward confirming the transactions of other users. In exchange for doing so, these miners are rewarded by earning units of the currency which they have mined.
You can read more here: https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/042015/bitcoin-vs-litecoin-whats-difference.asp
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